| 1. | Hörle S, Grüner F, Kroll P: Epidemiologie diabetischer Erblindungen – eine Übersicht. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 2002; 219(11): 777–84 MEDLINE |
| 2. | Hamilton AMP, Ulbig MW, Polkinghome P: Management of diabetic retinopathy. London, BMJ Publishing Group, 1996. |
| 3. | Jonas JB: Intravitreal Triamcinolone acetonide for diabetic retinopathy . Dev Ophthalmol 2007; 39: 96–110 MEDLINE |
| 4. | Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group . Early treatment diabetic retinopathy study. Ophthalmology 1991; Suppl 5, 98: 739–840. |
| 5. | Haritoglou C, Gerss J, Sauerland C, Kampik A, Ulbig MW: Effect of calcium dobesilate on occurrence of diabetic macular oedema (CALDIRET study): randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet 2009; 373: 1364–71 MEDLINE |
| 6. | Blum M, Kloos C, Muller N, et al.: Prävalenz der diabetischen Retinopathie. Studie bei Versicherten der Deutschen Betriebskrankenkasse 2002–2004. Ophthalmologe 2007; 104(6): 499–504 MEDLINE |
| 7. | Ulbig MW, Kampik A, Hamilton AM: Diabetische Retinopathie. Epidemiologie, Risikofaktoren und Stadieneinteilung. Ophthalmologe 1993; 90(2): 197–209 MEDLINE |
| 8. | Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group: The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on development and progression of long-term complications in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. New Engl J Med 1993; 329: 977–986 MEDLINE |
| 9. | UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group: Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. Lancet 1998; 352(9131): 837–53 MEDLINE |
| 10. | Schmieder R E; Martin S; Lang G E; Bramlage P; Böhm M: Angiotensin blockade to reduce microvascular damage in diabetes mellitus [Angiotensinblockade zur Reduktion mikrovaskulärer Schäden bei Diabetes]. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2009; 106(34–35): 556–62 VOLLTEXT |
| 11. | Rosenstock J, Fonseca V, McGill JB et al.: Similar progression of diabetic retinopathy with insulin glargine and neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes: a long-term, randomized, open-label study. Diabetologia 13–6–2009; [EPUB ahead of press MEDLINE |
| 12. | Chaturvedi N, Sjolie AK, Stephenson JM, et al.: Effect of lisinopril on progression of retinopathy in normotensive people with type 1 diabetes. The EUCLID Study Group. EURODIAB Controlled Trial of Lisinopril in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Lancet 1998; 351 (9095): 28–31 MEDLINE |
| 13. | UKPDS 39. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group: Efficacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes. BMJ 1998; (317): 713–20 MEDLINE |
| 14. | Chaturvedi N, Porta M, Klein R, et al.: Effect of candesartan on prevention (DIRECT-Prevent 1) and progression (DIRECT-Protect 1) of retinopathy in type 1 diabetes: randomised, placebo-controlled -trials. Lancet 2008; 372: 1394–402 MEDLINE |
| 15. | Sjolie AK, Klein R, Porta M, et al.: Effect of candesartan on progression and regression of retinopathy in type 2 diabetes (DIRECT-Protect 2): a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2008; 372 (9647): 1385–93 MEDLINE |
| 16. | Keech AC, Mitchell P, Summanen PA, et al.: Effect of fenofibrate on the need for laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy (FIELD study): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2007; 370(9600): 1687–97 MEDLINE |
| 17. | Lanzagorta-Aresti A, Palacios-Pozo E, Menezo Rozalen JL, Navea-Tejerina A: Prevention of vision loss after cataract surgery in diabetic macular edema with intravitreal bevacizumab: a pilot study. Retina 2009; 29(4): 530–5 MEDLINE |
| 18. | The Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group: Preliminary report on the effects of photocoagulation therapy. Am J Ophthalmol 1976; 81: 383–96 MEDLINE |
| 19. | Gandorfer A, Kampik A: Pars-plana-Vitrektomie bei diabetischer Retinopathie. Vom pathogenetischen Prinzip zur operativen Strategie. Ophthalmologe 2000; 97(5): 325–30 MEDLINE |
| 20. | The Diabetic Retinopathy Vitrectomy Study Research Group: Early vitrectomy for severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy in eyes with useful vision. Clinical application of results of a randomized trial. Diabetic Retinopathy Vitrectomy Study Report 4. Ophthalmology 1988; 95(10): 1321–34 MEDLINE |
| 21. | Beck RW, Edwards AR, Aiello LP, et al.: Three-year follow-up of a randomized trial comparing focal/grid photocoagulation and intravitreal triamcinolone for diabetic macular edema. Arch Ophthalmol 2009; 127(3): 245–51 MEDLINE |
| 22. | Cunnigham ET, Adamis AP, Altaweel M, et al.; Macugen Diabetic Retinopathy Study Group: A phase II randomized double-masked trial of pegaptanib, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor aptamer, for diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 2005; 112(10): 1747–57 MEDLINE |
| 23. | Do DV, Nguyen QD, Shah SM, et al.: An exploratory study of the safety, tolerability and bioactivity of a single intravitreal injection of vascular endothelial growth factor Trap-Eye in patients with diabetic macular oedema. Br J Ophthalmol 2009; 93(2): 144–9 MEDLINE |
| 24. | Effect of ruboxistaurin in patients with diabetic macular edema: thirty-month results of the randomized PKC-DMES clinical trial. Arch Ophthalmol 2007; 125(3): 318–24 MEDLINE |
| 25. | Campochiaro PA: Reduction of diabetic macular edema by oral administration of the kinase inhibitor PKC412. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2004; 45(3): 922–31 MEDLINE |
