Review article
Inborn, But Not Hereditary
The Importance of Intrauterine Life for Adult Diseases
Dtsch Arztebl 2007; 104(10): A-644
For technical reasons, the English full text will be published approximately two weeks after the German print edition has been published.
| 1. | Barker DJP, Hales CN, Fall CHD, Osmond C, Phipps K, Clark PMS: Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia (syndrome X): relation to reduced fetal growth. Diabetologia 1993; 36: 62–7. MEDLINE |
| 2. | Forsén T, Eriksson JG, Tuomilehto J, Reunanen A, Osmond C, Barker DJP: The fetal and childhood growth of persons who develop type 2 diabetes. Ann Intern Med 2000; 133: 176–82. MEDLINE |
| 3. | Curhan GC, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Spiegelman D, Ascherio AL, Stampfer MJ: Birth weight and adult hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity in US men. Circulation 1996; 94: 3246–50. MEDLINE |
| 4. | Rich-Edwards JW, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ et al.: Birthweight and the risk for type 2 diabetes in adult women. Ann Intern Med 1999; 130: 278–84. MEDLINE |
| 5. | Barker DJ, Osmond C, Simmonds SJ, Wield G: The relation of small head circumference and thinness at birth to death from cardiovascular disease in adult life. Br Med J 1993; 306: 422–6. MEDLINE |
| 6. | Forsén T, Eriksson JG, Tuomilehto J et al.: Mother's weight in pregnancy and coronary heart disease in a cohort of finnish men: follow up study. BMJ 1997; 315: 837–84. MEDLINE |
| 7. | Huxley RR, Shiell AW, Law CM: The role of size at birth and postnatal catch-up growth in determining systolic blood pressure: a systematic review of the literature. J Hypertens 2000; 18: 815–31. MEDLINE |
| 8. | Huxley R, Neil A, Collins R: Unravelling the fetal origins hypothesis: is there really an inverse association between birthweight and subsequent blood pressure? Lancet 2002; 360: 659–6. MEDLINE |
| 9. | Ozanne SE, Hales CN: Lifespan: catch-up growth and obesity in male mice. Nature 2004; 427: 411–2. MEDLINE |
| 10. | Plagemann A, Harder T: Premature birth and insulin resistance (letter). N Engl J Med 2005; 352: 939–40. MEDLINE |
| 11. | Dörner G, Mohnike A: Zur Bedeutung der perinatalen Überernährung für die Pathogenese der Fettsucht und des Diabetes mellitus. Dtsch Gesundheitsw 1977; 32: 2325–7. |
| 12. | Stettler N, Stallings VA, Troxel AB et al.: Weight gain in the first week of life and overweight in adulthood: a cohort study of European American subjects fed infant formula. Circulation 2005; 111: 1897–03. MEDLINE |
| 13. | Kingdom JC, McQueen J, Connell JMC, Whittle MJ: Fetal angiotensin II levels and vascular (type I) angiotensin receptors in pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth retardation. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1993;100: 476–82. MEDLINE |
| 14. | Economides DL, Nicolaides KH, Linton EA, Perry LA, Chard T: Plasma cortisol and adrenocorticotropin in appropriate and small for gestational age fetuses. Fetal Therapy 1988; 3: 158–64. MEDLINE |
| 15. | McTernan CL, Draper N, Nicholson H et al.: Reduced placental 11b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Type 2 mRNA levels in human pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction; an analysis of possible mechanisms. J Clin Endocrinol Metabol 2001; 86: 4979–83. MEDLINE |
| 16. | Gitau R, Cameron A, Fisk NM, Glover V: Fetal exposure to maternal cortisol. Lancet 1998;352: 707–8. MEDLINE |
| 17. | Ringelstein EB, Knecht S: Bluthochdruck und isolierter systolischer Hypertonus – wichtigste Risikofaktoren des Schlaganfalls. Dtsch Arztebl 2006; 103(27): 1906–11. VOLLTEXT |
| 18. | Leeson C, Kattenhorn M, Morley R, Lucas A, Deanfield J: Impact of low birth weight and cardiovascular risk factors on endothelial function in early adult life. Circulation 2001;103: 1264–68. MEDLINE |
| 19. | Skilton MR, Evans N, Griffiths KA, Harmer JA, Celermajer DS: Aortic wall thickness in newborns with intrauterine growth restriction. Lancet 2005; 365: 1484–6. MEDLINE |
| 20. | Jarvisalo M, Jartti L, Nanto-Salonen K et al.: Increased aortic intima-media thickness: a marker of preclinical atherosclerosis in high-risk children. Circulation 2001; 104: 2943–47. MEDLINE |
| 21. | Hughson M, Farris AB, Douglas-Denton R, Hoy WE, Bertram JF: Glomerula number and size in autopsy kidneys: the relationship to birth weight. Kidney Int. 2003; 63: 2113–22. MEDLINE |
| 22. | Keller G, Zimmer G, Mall G, Ritz E, Amann K: Nephron number in patients with primary hypertension. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 101–8. MEDLINE |
| 23. | Phillips DI, Walker BR, Reynolds RM et al.: Low birth weight predicts elevated plasma cortisol concentrations in adults from three populations. Hypertension 2000; 35: 1301–6. MEDLINE |
| 24. | Alexander BT: Fetal programming of hypertension. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2006; 290: R1–10. MEDLINE |
| 25. | Alexander BT: Placental insufficiency leads to development of hyper-tension in growth-restricted offspring. Hypertension 2003; 41: 457–62. MEDLINE |
| e1. | Innes K, Byers T, Schymura M: Birth characteristics and subsequent risk for breast cancer in very young women. Am J Epidemiol 2000; 152: 1121–8. MEDLINE |
| e2. | St Clair D, Mingqing X, Wang P et al.: Rates of adult schizophrenia following the prenatal exposure to the Chinese famine of 1959–1961. JAMA 2005; 294: 557–62. MEDLINE |
| e3. | Thompson C, Syddall H, Rodin I, Osmond C, Barker DJ: Birth weight and the risk of depressive disorder in late life. Br J Psychiatry 2001; 179: 450–5. MEDLINE |
| e4. | Susser E, Neugebauer R, Hoek HW et al.: Schizophrenia after prenatal famine: further evidence. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996; 53: 25–31. MEDLINE |
| e5. | Michels K, Trichopoulos D, Robins J et al.: Birthweight as a risk factor for breast cancer. Lancet 1996; 348:1542–6. MEDLINE |
| e6. | Geddes JR, Lawrie SM: Obstetric complications and age at onset in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 1996; 167: 786–93. MEDLINE |
| e7. | Jones PB, Rantakallio P, Hartikainen AL, Isohanni M, Sipila P: Schizophrenia as a long-term outcome of pregnancy, delivery, and perinatal complications: a 28-year follow-up of the 1966 north Finland general population birth cohort. Am J Psychiatry 1998; 155: 355–64. MEDLINE |
| e8. | Gunnell D, Harrison G, Whitley E, Lewis G, Tynelius P et al.: The as-sociation of fetal and childhood growth with risk of schizophrenia. Cohort study of 720 000 Swedish men and women. Schizophr Res 2005; 15: 315–22. MEDLINE |
| e9. | Nilsson E, Stalberg G, Lichtenstein P, Cnattingius S, Olausson PO et al.: Fetal growth restriction and schizophrenia: a Swedish twin study. Twin Res Hum Genet 2005; 8: 402–8. MEDLINE |
| e10. | Michels KB, Xue F: Role of birthweight in the etiology of breast can-cer. Int J Cancer 2006; 119: 2007–25. MEDLINE |
