Review article
On the Proper Use of the Crossover Design in Clinical Trials
Dtsch Arztebl Int 2012; 109(15): 276-81. DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2012.0276
;
1. | Jones B, Kenward MG: Design and analysis of cross-over trials. 2nd edition. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC 2003. |
2. | Karst M, Salim K, Burstein S, Conrad I, Hoy L, Schneider U: Analgesic effect of the synthetic cannabinoid CT-3 on chronic neuropathic pain. A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2003; 290: 1757–62. CrossRef MEDLINE |
3. | Ganesan A, Crum-Cianflone N, Higgins J, et al.: High dose atorvastatin decreases cellular markers of immune activation without affecting HIV-1 RNA levels: results of a double-blind randomized placebo controlled clinical trial. J Infect Dis 2011; 203: 756–64. CrossRef MEDLINE PubMed Central |
4. | Davis AR, Westhoff CL, Stanczyk FZ: Carbamazepine coadministration with an oral contraceptive: effects on steroid pharmacokinetics, ovulation, and bleeding. Epilepsia 2011; 52: 243–7. MEDLINE PubMed Central |
5. | Black KJ, Koller JM, Campbell MC, Gusnard DA, Bandak SI: Quantification of indirect pathway inhibition by the adenosine A2a antagonist SYN115 in Parkinson disease. J Neurosci 2010; 30: 16284–92. CrossRef MEDLINE PubMed Central |
6. | Mellor DD, Sathyapalan T, Kilpatrick ES, Beckett S, Atkin SL: High-cocoa polyphenol-rich chocolate improves HDL cholesterol in Type 2 diabetes patients. Diabet Med 2010; 27: 1318–21. CrossRef MEDLINE |
7. | Chung KA, Lobb BM, Nutt JG, Horak FB: Effects of a central cholinesterase inhibitor on reducing falls in Parkinson disease. Neurology 2010; 75: 1263–9. CrossRef MEDLINE PubMed Central |
8. | Page TH, Turner JJ, Brown AC, et al.: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increase TNF production in rheumatoid synovial membrane cultures and whole blood. J Immunol 2010; 185: 3694–701. CrossRef MEDLINE |
9. | Kabisch M, Ruckes C, Seibert-Grafe M, Blettner M: Randomized controlled trials: part 17 of a series on evaluation of scientific publications. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2011; 108(39): 663–8. |
10. | Lehmacher W: Verlaufskurven und Crossover. Statistische Analyse von Verlaufskurven im Zwei-Stichproben-Vergleich und von Cross-over-Versuchen. In: Überla K, Reichertz PL, Victor N (eds.): Medizinische Informatik und Statistik, Vol 67. Berlin: Springer 1987. |
11. | Ressing M, Blettner M, Klug SJ: Data analysis of epidemiological studies: part 11 of a series on evaluation of scientific publications. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2010; 107(11): 187–92. VOLLTEXT |
12. | Sauerbrei W, Blettner M: Interpreting results in 2 x 2 tables: extensions and problems: part 9 of a series on evaluation of scientific publications. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2009; 106(48): 795–800. VOLLTEXT |
13. | du Prel JB, Röhrig B, Hommel G, Blettner M: Choosing statistical tests—part 12 of a series on evaluation of scientific publications. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2010; 107(19): 343–8. VOLLTEXT |
14. | du Prel JB, Hommel G, Röhrig B, Blettner M: Confidence interval or p-value? Part 4 of a series on evaluation of scientific publications. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2009; 106(19): 335–9. VOLLTEXT |
15. | Graff-Lonnevig V, Browaldh L: Twelve hours bronchodilating effect of inhaled formoterol in children with asthma: a double-blind cross-over study versus salbutamol. Clin Exp Allergy 1990; 20: 429–32. CrossRef MEDLINE |
16. | Senn S: Crossover designs. In: Armitage P, Colton T (eds.): Encyclopedia of biostatistics, Volume 2 . Chichester: John Wiley & Sons 1998: 1033–49. |
17. | du Prel JB, Röhrig B, Blettner M: Critical appraisal of scientific articles—part 1 of a series on evaluation of scientific publications. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2009; 106(7): 100–5 VOLLTEXT |
18. | Röhrig B, Prel JB du, Wachtlin D, Kwiecien R, Blettner M: Sample size calculation in clinical trials—part 13 of a series on evaluation of scientific publications. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2010; 107(31–32): 552–6. VOLLTEXT |
19. | Grizzle JE: The two-period change-over design and its use in clinical trials. Biometrics 1965; 21: 467–80. CrossRef MEDLINE |
20. | Koch GG: The use of non-parametric methods in the statistical analysis of the two-period changeover design. Biometrics 1972; 28: 577–84. CrossRef MEDLINE |
21. | Wellek S: Testing statistical hypotheses of equivalence and noninferiority. 2nd edition. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC 2010. CrossRef |
22. | Food and Drug Administration (FDA): Guidance for industry: Statistical approaches to establishing bioequivalence. Rockville, MD: Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) 2001. |
23. | Freeman P: The performance of the two-stage analysis of two treatment, two period crossover trials. Statistics in Medicine 1989; 8: 1421–32. CrossRef MEDLINE |